Tuba

Tools of the family of metals with pistons. The tubing (usually not pointed out in the chart, tubing) is generally rolled in an elliptical form and terminates, at one end, in a wide bell (usually pointed up) and in another in a nozzle in cup shape, wide depth. The instrument has as its fundamental D1 (or more severe) and is equipped with 3 to 6 (often 4, rarely 7) pistons to change the length of the pipe and, consequently, the fundamental.
A group of related instruments, of various shapes and sizes, can be referred to as the Tuba family constituent, being generically referred to as the metal family bass. The most important are the Euphonius (sometimes named, especially in the USA, as the Baritone Horn), which is essentially a tenor Tuba in Sib; and the helicorne and sousafone, which are both distinct Tuba-bass types of the remaining family by their circular shape. The less relevant members of the saxhorn group are also sometimes considered as an integral part of the Tuba family.

Nozzle for mouthpiece
Custódio Cardoso Pereira & C.ª
Portugal, Rua do Carmo, 9-13 / Lisboa, post. 1861
Recording in the bell: C. C. PEREIRA & C.ª / 9, R. [JO?] CARMO. 13 / LISBON / SUPERIOR
Owner: Banda Municipal do Funchal (Artistas Funchalenses)
Tuning: My b
System: 3 pistons